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The Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board or MMTB (officially M&MTB) was an government-owned authority that was responsible for the tram network in Melbourne, Australia between 1919 and 1983, when it was merged into the Metropolitan Transit Authority. It had been formed by the merger of a number of smaller tramway trusts and companies that operated throughout the city. The MMTB's main maintenance facility was Preston Workshops, with depots at Brunswick, Camberwell, Coburg, East Preston, Essendon, Footscray, Glenhuntly, Hawthorn, Kew, Malvern, North Fitzroy, South Melbourne (Hanna Street), and Thornbury. ==History== In 1869 Francis Boardman Clapp set up the Melbourne Omnibus Company which ran horse-drawn trams in the inner suburbs of Melbourne. The company carried 4,990,077 passengers. By 1882 the company had over 1600 horses and 178 omnibuses. In 1885 the company carried 11,659,937 passengers.〔 In 1885 Clapp's Melbourne Omnibus Company was granted a 30-year exclusive franchise for a cable tram network in Melbourne, with no competing lines being permitted. Clapp reorganised the company as the Melbourne Tramway and Omnibus Company (MTOC). A total of 15 lines were built, opening progressively between 1885 and 1991. The first serious electric trams in Melbourne began in 1906, when the North Melbourne Electric Tramway and Lighting Company commenced operating an electric tram line from the terminus of the cable tram to Essendon, the motivation being the selling of electricity to customers along the route.〔(Railpage.org.au Melbourne's Tram History )〕 In the 1900s and 1910s, the government legislated for the formation of suburban electric tramway trusts to build and operate electric trams outside MTOC's exclusive licence area. These were: * Prahran and Malvern Tramways Trust * Hawthorn Tramways Trust * Melbourne, Brunswick and Coburg Tramways Trust * Fitzroy, Northcote and Preston Tramways Trust * Footscray Tramway Trust * Northcote Municipality Cable Tramways. When the MTOC franchise ended in 1916, the entire operation of the Melbourne cable tramway system was handed over to the State government. The Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB) was formed in 1918 to take over the street tramways systems in Melbourne. It had the responsibility of operating all tramways within a sixteen kilometre radius of the Melbourne GPO, the only exceptions being the lines operated by Victorian Railways. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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